MyMyelomaTeam

What is CAR-T cell therapy for myeloma?

CAR-T cell therapy is an immunotherapy that helps your immune system fight myeloma more effectively. It involves collecting your T cells (immune cells), genetically modifying them in a lab to recognize and attack cancer cells, then returning them to your body.

The FDA-approved CAR-T Show Full Answer

What is CAR-T cell therapy for myeloma?

CAR-T cell therapy is an immunotherapy that helps your immune system fight myeloma more effectively. It involves collecting your T cells (immune cells), genetically modifying them in a lab to recognize and attack cancer cells, then returning them to your body.

The FDA-approved CAR-T therapy for myeloma is called Abecma (idecabtagene vicleucel or ide-cel), approved in March 2021. These modified cells target a protein called BCMA that's found on myeloma cells.

Who qualifies for CAR-T therapy?

You may be eligible if your myeloma is:
- Relapsed (came back) or refractory (resistant to treatment)
- You've tried at least four other treatments, including immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies

The process:

Your T cells are collected through apheresis, modified in a lab (taking up to three weeks), then returned through an IV infusion. You'll typically receive chemotherapy first to make room for the new cells. Hospital stays of several weeks are common to monitor effectiveness and manage side effects.

Potential benefits:

CAR-T cells can continue multiplying in your body for months, providing ongoing cancer protection. Most people in clinical trials showed reduced cancer signs and symptoms. Important side effects to know:

Nearly everyone experiences some side effects, though most are mild. The main concerns include:

- Cytokine release syndrome (CRS): Flu-like symptoms including fever, chills, breathing problems, and confusion. About 84% of people experience this, but severe cases are rare (1.5%)
- Neurotoxicity: Brain or nerve damage causing confusion, trouble speaking, or lack of responsiveness
- Common side effects: Tiredness, infections, muscle aches, diarrhea, nausea, fever, headache

Treatment is only available at certified centers with specially trained staff. Medications like Actemra can treat severe CRS.

CAR-T therapy isn't a cure, but it may help you live longer or keep cancer under control when other treatments haven't worked. Talk thoroughly with your doctor about whether the potential benefits outweigh the risks for your situation.

 AI-generated responses are not a substitute for medical advice. These services are not intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition or disease. Always ask your doctor about specific health concerns.

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