Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is a precancerous condition that sits between a milder condition called MGUS and active multiple myeloma. It involves abnormal plasma cells producing too much M protein, but without causing any noticeable symptoms — which is why it's also called asymptomatic myeloma.
Because there are no Show Full Answer
Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is a precancerous condition that sits between a milder condition called MGUS and active multiple myeloma. It involves abnormal plasma cells producing too much M protein, but without causing any noticeable symptoms — which is why it's also called asymptomatic myeloma.
Because there are no symptoms, SMM is often picked up through routine blood tests rather than because something feels wrong. The chance of SMM progressing to active myeloma decreases over time:
- First 5 years: about 10% chance per year
- Years 5–10: drops to around 3% per year
- After 10 years: roughly 1% per year
Certain factors can increase the risk of progression, including:
- High levels of M protein (or rising M protein over time)
- High numbers of abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow
- Specific gene changes in plasma cells
- Bone lesions showing up on imaging
- M protein made from IgA rather than IgG For people with SMM, regular monitoring with follow-up visits and blood tests is really important to catch any signs of progression early. For those considered "high-risk" SMM, doctors may recommend starting treatment sooner rather than later.
It's always worth having an open conversation with a healthcare provider about where things stand and what approach makes the most sense for each individual situation.
June 2
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