Why doesn't myeloma have a stage 4 like other cancers?
Myeloma uses a different staging system than many solid tumors. The Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) only has three stages, with stage 3 being the most advanced.
This staging system is based on specific blood test results and genetic factors rather than Show Full Answer
Why doesn't myeloma have a stage 4 like other cancers?
Myeloma uses a different staging system than many solid tumors. The Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) only has three stages, with stage 3 being the most advanced.
This staging system is based on specific blood test results and genetic factors rather than how far the cancer has spread through the body. It measures:
- Beta-2 microglobulin levels
- Albumin levels
- Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels
- Genetic abnormalities in myeloma cells
As one MyMyelomaTeam member noted, "Staging is very different for myeloma. It's not based on what needs to be done... it's based on how much of your body is affected."
Stage 3 represents the most advanced myeloma, where beta-2 microglobulin levels are 5.5 milligrams per liter or higher, along with either high-risk genetic changes or elevated LDH levels.
The term "end-stage" is sometimes used to describe myeloma that no longer responds to treatment, but this isn't an official stage in the R-ISS system.
April 3
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