When monitoring smouldering myeloma (SMM), doctors track several blood and urine markers to watch for signs of progression. Here are the key biomarkers to be aware of:
Proteins measured in blood or urine
- M protein — rising levels over time are a red flag, especially if it's IgA type rather than IgG
- Beta-2 Show Full Answer
When monitoring smouldering myeloma (SMM), doctors track several blood and urine markers to watch for signs of progression. Here are the key biomarkers to be aware of:
Proteins measured in blood or urine:
- M protein — rising levels over time are a red flag, especially if it's IgA type rather than IgG
- Beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) — higher levels suggest more advanced or aggressive disease
- Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) — elevated levels can indicate worsening myeloma
- Albumin — lower levels are associated with more advanced disease
- Serum free light chains — abnormal levels can signal disease activity
Bone marrow findings:
- A high percentage of plasma cells in the bone marrow is a key progression indicator
Signs of organ involvement that may signal active myeloma:
- High calcium levels (hypercalcemia)
- Kidney dysfunction
- Anaemia (low red blood cell levels)
- Bone lesions detected on imaging It's worth knowing that SMM itself causes no symptoms — changes show up in tests before anything is felt. That's why keeping up with regular monitoring appointments is so important, as catching progression early gives the best chance for effective treatment.
Always discuss your specific results with your doctor, as they can interpret what the numbers mean for your individual situation.
August 4
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