What are the stages of myeloma?
Multiple myeloma has three stages, classified using the Revised International Staging System (R-ISS). These stages are based on blood test results showing protein levels, genetic changes in cancer cells, and other factors.
Stage 1 Multiple Myeloma (earliest stage)
- Minimal signs of Show Full Answer
What are the stages of myeloma?
Multiple myeloma has three stages, classified using the Revised International Staging System (R-ISS). These stages are based on blood test results showing protein levels, genetic changes in cancer cells, and other factors.
Stage 1 Multiple Myeloma (earliest stage):
- Minimal signs of myeloma and low levels of cancer cells
- Many people may not have symptoms yet
- Testing shows low levels of beta-2 microglobulin (B2M)
- Treatment may be recommended when symptoms develop or test results show high risk for progression
- May remain stable for years
Stage 2 Multiple Myeloma (intermediate stage):
- More advanced than stage 1, but not as severe as stage 3
- Symptoms may include bone pain, fatigue, and frequent infections
- May require more intensive treatments than stage 1
Stage 3 Multiple Myeloma (most advanced stage):
- Protein markers in the blood are very high
- Genetic changes indicate aggressive disease
- Symptoms can include severe bone damage, anemia, and poor kidney function
- Tends to progress more quickly than earlier stages
The stage assigned at diagnosis typically doesn't change, even if the myeloma relapses. Your doctor uses staging information to guide treatment decisions and predict how the disease may progress.
February 18
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