Why does multiple myeloma cause brain and spine lesions?
Multiple myeloma rarely spreads directly to the brain, affecting only about 0.7 percent of people with the condition. When it does reach the brain, it's typically through the bloodstream as cancerous plasma cells spread beyond the bones.
Spine lesions are much more Show Full Answer
Why does multiple myeloma cause brain and spine lesions?
Multiple myeloma rarely spreads directly to the brain, affecting only about 0.7 percent of people with the condition. When it does reach the brain, it's typically through the bloodstream as cancerous plasma cells spread beyond the bones.
Spine lesions are much more common. Myeloma cells grow aggressively in the bone marrow and into the skeletal bone itself, creating destructive spots called lytic lesions. These weaken the vertebrae (bones in the spine) and can cause them to collapse.
The spine, pelvis, skull, and ribs are among the most commonly affected areas because myeloma starts in the bone marrow and spreads through bones throughout the body. What are the consequences?
Brain involvement can cause:
- Headaches and dizziness
- Vision problems or double vision
- Confusion or stroke-like symptoms
- Seizures (in rare cases)
Spine lesions can lead to serious complications:
- Severe back pain
- Spinal cord compression when weakened vertebrae collapse
- Numbness or muscle weakness in the legs
- Loss of mobility and changes in posture
- Risk of permanent paralysis if untreated
Spinal cord compression is a medical emergency. If you experience sudden, severe back pain with numbness or weakness in your legs, seek immediate medical care.
The bone damage from spine lesions can also cause nerve pain (peripheral neuropathy), resulting in tingling, numbness, or a pins-and-needles sensation in various parts of your body.
February 13
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